According to Jakobson, ___________ are the functions of language?Would it be useful to compare German and English when t

Linguistics studies particular language, not languages in general.

A:错
B:对
答案: 错

Modern linguistics is mostly prescriptive, but sometimes descriptive.

A:错
B:对
答案: 错

Language is used to record the facts, which is the informative function of language, also called ideational function in the framework of functional grammar.

A:错
B:对
答案: 对

Sociolinguistics is the study of language in relation to society.

A:对
B:错
答案: 对

If a linguistic study describes and analyzes the language people actually use, it is said to be _______. 

A:analytic 
B:linguistic
C:descriptive
D:prescriptive
答案: descriptive

Which of the following is not a design feature of human language?

A:Arbitrariness
B:Duality
C:Meaningfulness
D:Displacement
答案: Meaningfulness

Language is said to be arbitrary because there is no logical connection between _______ and meanings. 

A:sounds
B:ideas
C:objects
D:sense
答案: sounds

Saussure took a(n) _______ view of language, while Chomsky looks at language from a ________ point of view. 

A:sociological…psychological
B:semantic…linguistic
C:psychological…sociological
D:applied…pragmatic
答案: sociological…psychological

According to Jakobson, ___________ are the functions of language?

A:metalingual
B:conative
C:interpersonal 
D:referential
答案: metalingual;conative;referential

Which of the following belongs to the main branches of linguistics?

A:Morphology
B:phonetics
C:psycholinguistics
D:Semantics
答案: Morphology;phonetics;Semantics

Phonology is concerned with how the sounds can be classified into different categories.

A:对
B:错
答案: 错

Distinctive features of sound segments can be found running over a sequence of two or more phonemic segments.

A:错
B:对
答案: 对

What is the difference between the fields of phonetics and phonology?

A:Phonetics is concerned with the physical and physiological aspects of sounds, while phonology is concerned with sounds as parts of language.

B:Phonetics is mostly concerned with the production of vowels and consonants, while phonology is more about phenomena such as tone.
C:Phonetics is concerned with historical data, whereas phonology is concerned with how language is actually spoken.
D:Phonetics is the more general discipline concerned with all kinds of sounds, whereas phonology is specifically concerned with modern experimental methodologies.
答案: Phonetics is concerned with the physical and physiological aspects of sounds, while phonology is concerned with sounds as parts of language.

Question: Which of the following sounds is velar ?

A:r
B:s

C:p
D:A.

g

E:h
答案: A.

g

Which of the following sounds is not alveolar?

A:d
B:t

C:f
D:s
答案: f

Would it be useful to compare German and English when trying to establish how English was spoken in the past?

A:Yes, because they have a spelling that is very similar.
B:Yes, because all languages were pronounced in similar ways in the more distant past.
C:No, because English is an older language than German.
D:Yes, because English and German are related and each may have a more conservative pronunciation in some points.
E:Yes, because German is an older language than English.
F:No, because there is no archeological record about the relationship between the two languages.
答案: Yes, because English and German are related and each may have a more conservative pronunciation in some points.

In German, the word ‘Kind’ (child) has the plural form Kind-er. In the letter d is actually pronounced as [t], but in the plural form one pronounces it as a [d]. Which phonological feature is involved in this alternation?

A:Manner of articulation
B:Sonorant
C:Place of articulation
D:Velar
E:Voice
答案: Voice

English and German have relatively large vowel inventories. What reason does the discussion provide for this?

A:These languages are relatively old and had more time to develop the vowel inventory.
B:These languages have a long writing tradition, influencing the number of vowels that can be expressed.
C:Earlier distinctions between long and short vowels developed into vowel quality contrasts in these languages.
D:Because of extensive language contact, these languages borrowed vowels from each other.
E:These languages tend to have a simpler syllable structure than other languages, and need more differences between vowels.
答案: These languages tend to have a simpler syllable structure than other languages, and need more differences between vowels.

How do features help us understand and explain the path of language acquisition?

A:Children are slowed down by the need to learn difficult features.
B:Children try to find out how speech sounds can be built up of features.
C:Children become gradually aware of features.
D:Children use features to put sounds in rectangular tables.
E:Children do not acquire sounds, but rather features.
答案: Children try to find out how speech sounds can be built up of features.;Children become gradually aware of features.;Children do not acquire sounds, but rather features.

Which three of the following parameters are relevant for consonant sounds? Please check all that apply.

A:Height of articulation
B:Place of articulation
C:Restructuring
D:Structure of articulation
E:Manner of articulation
F:Voicing
答案: Place of articulation;Manner of articulation;Voicing